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SOUTHWEST ARCHITECTURAL TERMS
- adobe:
- a building material traditionally made of mud and straw, commonly made into bricks.
- alacena:
- wall cupboards
- Anasazi:
- The ancient tribes of the southwest
- bancos:
- low, (earthen) benches built in to the walls for sitting
- banos:
- bathrooms
- buttresses:
- a thickened section of vertical wall that typically is thicker on the bottom
than the top. Buttresses were used to support weakened walls and to
break up long wall sections.
- cabana:
- free standing open air outbuilding for cooking, lounging and for shade, typically
off a pool or garden
- cajas:
- wood chest for clothes
- canale:
- water spout for roof drainage typically made of wood or hollowed out logs.
- carpintero:
- carpenter
- casita:
- small house or guest house
- cocina:
- kitchen
- corbels:
- carved and often decorated supports that sit on the top of posts to carry beams
on portals
- coyote fence:
- a fence made of vertical cedar poles that were originally installed with pointed
tops to keep coyotes out.
- entrada:
- entryway
- hacienda:
- a territorial style estate
- horno:
- round earthen wood oven, usually outdoors
- jardines:
- gardens
- kiva:
- originally a pit house used for ceremonial purposes by the pueblo and Anasazi
Indians. Now used to describe a rounded corner fireplace
- latillas:
- small branches, usually used to form a ceiling, often placed on vigas or beams
- mirador:
- balcony
- nicho:
- a niche in a wall for objects to be placed in.
- parapets:
- wall section above the roof line
- placitas;
- small plazas
- portals:
- porches that are covered and supported by posts, beams and vigas
- puddling:
- a form a placing wet adobe mud on top of courses to make walls that was used
by the early pueblo people.
- pueblo:
- village
- puerta:
- door
- ramada:
- free standing shade canopy used historically by the Navajo Indians.
- retablo:
- painted wood plaque, usually depicting a saint.
- ristra:
- string of red chili
- rammed earth:
- a type of construction where walls are built by compacting soil and aggregates
in forms on the site.
- sala:
- living room
- santos:
- a wood carved statue of a saint
- stucco:
- exterior plaster finish now usually either a cement product or an elastomeric
color coat. Traditional stucco was made of adobe mud.
- torreon:
- tower
- trastero:
- a cupboard that is not built in for holding clothes.
- ventana:
- windows
- viga:
- rounded wooden beam with the bark peeled off with a draw knife.
- zaguan:
- entry hall or courtyard, originally used to enter the home on a horse or carriage
and dismount.
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